For over a decade countering hostile state information operations focused on exposing them and building public resilience. Now the field is shifting toward disruption: imposing real costs on the infrastructure, finances, and networks behind these operations. Drawing on DFRLab's experience in six frontline countries, this panel takes an honest take — what disruption looks like in practice, where it works, where it does not, and what governments and civil society need to do now to make it durable.