Francesca Giovannini is the Executive Director of the Harvard Belfer’s Initiative on Managing the Atom and the Director of the Harvard Research Network on Rethinking Nuclear Deterrence, funded by the MacArthur Foundation. The network consists of 15 of the most prestigious universities and thinks tanks worldwide and is tasked to commission new studies and analyses on nuclear deterrence in the current geopolitical landscape. Dr. Giovannini is concurrently Adjunct Associate Professor of International Security at the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, where she teaches a graduate seminar on the role of nuclear weapons in the 21st century and a core course on Technology, Public Policy, and National Security. She is also the leading faculty of the Fletcher School Executive Education course on “Negotiating Technology Agreements in Emerging Markets: Developing Strategic Capacities for accessing transformative technologies.” Dr. Giovannini served as a Senior Strategy and Policy Officer to the Executive Secretary of the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO). Before her international appointment, she served five years at the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in Boston as the Director of the Research Program on Global Security and International Affairs, where she supervised several studies on the future of arms control and nuclear nonproliferation policies. With a Doctorate from the University of Oxford, UK, and two master’s degrees from the University of California, Berkeley, Dr. Giovannini began her career working for international organizations. She served the United Nations in the Middle East, the South Pacific, and West Africa. She has published widely in Nature, the Bulletin of Atomic Scientists, Arms Control Today, the National Interest, and The Washington Post, among others. She is a regular commentator on Italian media on issues related to foreign policy, nuclear weapons and national security.